The Enterprise Analysis Knowledge Area consists of the collection of tasks for analyzing the business situation to fully understand business problems and opportunities, and assessing the current and future views of the enterprise to understand the change needed to meet business needs and achieve strategic goals. Enterprise analysis outputs provide context to requirements elicitation, analysis, documentation and validation, and to solution identification for a given initiative and/or for long-term planning.
Enterprise analysis is often the starting point for initiating a new project and is continued as changes occur and more information becomes available. To initiate large change initiatives, this analysis work is often treated as an investigative feasibility study and/or business architecture endeavor and may be managed as a stand-alone project or formal project phase.
For smaller change efforts, these activities are typically performed in a less formal manner. It is through enterprise analysis activities that the business requirements are identified and documented. Business requirements are defined as high-level statements of the goals, objectives or needs of the enterprise. They describe such things as the reasons why a project is initiated, the business outcomes that the project is expected to achieve,
and the metrics that will be used to measure success.
Specifically, Enterprise Analysis is the Knowledge Area describes the business analysis activities that take place for organizations to:
(1) identify business problems to be solved and opportunities to pursue to meet business needs and achieve strategic goals,
(2) determine the most feasible business solution option,
(3) define the solution scope and develop the business case for the proposed new project to implement the business solution,
(4) continue to assess, refine and validate the business need and solution during the project, and
(5) evaluate the business benefits brought about by the deployed solution.
These activities are performed before a project starts and may be repeated if the business need changes, if a change request alters the solution scope, or are often conducted repeatedly when performing continuous improvement. A new/changed business solution may include implementation of business and/or technical components, e.g., new or changed business units, processes, functions, locations, roles, desktop tools, training, application systems and technical infrastructure.
A project is defined as a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.
An enterprise is an organization or collection of organizations that share a set of common goals and has been created for the purpose of providing products or services to customers. An enterprise can be a government agency, a whole corporation, a division of a corporation, a single department, or a chain of geographically distant organizations linked together by common ownership As business analysis matures into a critical management discipline, organizations tend to realize that it has two dimensions:
(1) analysis to ensure an enterprise is investing in the most valuable business solutions, and (2) eliciting, analyzing, documenting, communicating and validating requirements to deliver the forecast-ed business benefits from the project outcomes. In order to ensure they are investing in the most valuable projects, management needs accurate, consistent and useful information about initiatives that are currently funded, as well as proposed new ventures.
Enterprise analysis tasks:
(1) Begin after the executive team of the enterprise develops strategic plans, goals, and measures or when a business problem or a new business opportunity has been identified;
(2) Continue until enough information is gathered to propose new programs and supporting projects;
(3) Continue during the project as the business analysis professional updates the enterprise information as more is learned to ensure the business need is fully understood, to validate that the solution is optimal, and to verify that the forecasted costs versus benefits remain positive and therefore, continued investment in the project is warranted; and
(4) End after the value of the deployed solution is evaluated to determine if the forecasted business benefits have been attained and business goals have been met. Note that benefit realization may not be possible until long after deployment of the new business solution. The business benefit management or realization assessment is continually performed by the business analysis professional for the life of the new business solution. (Solution evaluation and benefits management is covered in more detail in the Solution Assessment and Validation Knowledge Area.)
• Define the business need
• Determine gap in capabilities to meet the business need
• Determine the solution approach
• Define the solution scope
• Develop the business case
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